The Second World War had widespread effects on many nations. The cause of the conflict in Europe was the policy of Adolf Hitler. In 1933 he became leader of Germany; then, he built up the armed forces and marched into Austria and Czechoslovakia. Britain and France declared war on Germany on 3^rd September 1939. The Commonwealth countries followed great Britain's example.
In 1940 Italy entered the war on Germany's side and the Germans entered Paris.
Over 2 million children in Britain were evacuated to the safety. When air raids began many people in London preferred to take shelter in tube stations. Air raids wanders patrolled the towns.
In autumn of 1940, The Battle of Britain was fought by the Royal Air Force and Britain was saved from invasion. In 1941 Hitler invaded Russia and Japan attacked the US base of Pearl Harbour bringing the United States into the war.
The year 1942 was the turning point. The initiative passed to the Allies. The Allied invasion of Sicily caused the downfall of Mussolini and led to the Italian Armistice.
Allied landings in Normandy in 1944, entering in Rome in June 1944 and crossing the Rhine in March 1945. Hitler's death was announced in May. On 8^th May the Germans agreed to an unconditional surrender.
On 1^st September the Japanese surrendered.
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