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Goura Purnima
A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada note: we have choosen to publish this essay although Gaura Purnima occirred few weeks ago... |
TEXT astavimsa catur-yuge dvaparera sese
SYNONYMS astavimsa--twenty-eighth; catuh-yuge--in the cycle of four ages; dvaparera--of the Dvapara-yuga; sese--at the end; vrajera sahite--along with Vraja; haya--is; krsnera--of Lord Krsna; prakase--manifestation. TRANSLATION From the beginning of Brahma's day of 4,320,000,000 years, six Manus appear and disappear before Lord Krsna appears. Thus 1,975,320,000 years of the day of Brahma elapse before the appearance of Lord Krsna. This is an astronomical calculation according to solar years. TEXT dasya, sakhya, vatsalya, srngara----cari rasa
SYNONYMS dasya--servitude; sakhya--friendship; vatsalya--parental affection; srngara--conjugal love; cari--four; rasa--mellows; cari--four; bhavera--of the sentiments; bhakta--devotees; yata--as many as there are; krsna--Lord Krsna; tara--by them; vasa--subdued. TRANSLATION TEXT dasa-sakha-pita-mata-kanta-gana lana
SYNONYMS dasa--servants; sakha--friends; pita-mata--father and mother; kanta-gana--lovers; lana--taking; vraje--in Vraja; krida kare--plays; krsna--Lord Krsna; prema-avista--absorbed in love; hana--being. TRANSLATION TEXT yathesta vihari' krsna kare antardhana
SYNONYMS yatha-ista--as much as He wishes; vihari'--enjoying; krsna--Lord Krsna; kare--makes; antardhana--disappearance; antardhana kari'--disappearing; mane--in the mind; kare--He makes; anumana--consideration. TRANSLATION TEXT cira-kala nahi kari prema-bhakti dana
SYNONYMS cira-kala--for a long time; nahi kari--I have not done; prema-bhakti--loving devotional service; dana--giving; bhakti--devotional service; vina--without; jagatera--of the universe; nahi--not; avasthana--existence. TRANSLATION TEXT sakala jagate more kare vidhi-bhakti
SYNONYMS sakala--all; jagate--in the universe; more--to Me; kare--they do; vidhi-bhakti--regulative devotional service; vidhi-bhaktye--by regulative devotional service; vraja-bhava--the feelings of those in Vraja; paite--to obtain; nahi--not; sakti--the power. TRANSLATION TEXT aisvarya-jnanete saba jagat misrita
SYNONYMS aisvarya-jnanete--with knowledge of the opulences; saba--all; jagat--the world; misrita--mixed; aisvarya-sithila-preme--to love enfeebled by opulence; nahi--there is not; mora--My; prita--attraction. TRANSLATION TEXT aisvarya-jnane vidhi-bhajana kariya
SYNONYMS aisvarya-jnane--in knowledge of the opulences; vidhi--according to rules and regulations; bhajana--worship; kariya--doing; vaikunthake--to Vaikuntha; yaya--they go; catuh-vidha--four kinds; mukti--liberation; pana--achieving. TRANSLATION TEXT sarsti, sarupya, ara samipya, salokya
SYNONYMS sarsti--opulences equal with the Lord's; sarupya--the same form as the Lord's; ara--and; samipya--personal association with the Lord; salokya--residence on a Vaikuntha planet; sayujya--oneness with the Lord; na laya--they do not accept; bhakta--devotees; yate--since; brahma-aikya--oneness with Brahman. TRANSLATION TEXT yuga-dharma pravartaimu nama-sankirtana
SYNONYMS yuga-dharma--the religion of the age; pravartaimu--I shall inaugurate; nama-sankirtana--chanting of the holy name; cari--four; bhava--of the moods; bhakti--devotion; diya--giving; nacamu--I shall cause to dance; bhuvana--the world. TRANSLATION TEXT apani karimu bhakta-bhava angikare
SYNONYMS apani--personally; karimu--I shall make; bhakta-bhava--the position of a devotee; angikare--acceptance; apani--personally; acari'--practicing; bhakti--devotional service; sikhaimu--I shall teach; sabare--to all. TRANSLATION TEXT apane na kaile dharma sikhana na yaya
SYNONYMS apane--personally; na kaile--if not practiced; dharma--religion; sikhana--the teaching; na yaya--does not advance; ei--this; ta'--certainly; siddhanta--conclusion; gita--in the Bhagavad-gita; bhagavate--in Srimad-Bhagavatam; gaya--they sing. TRANSLATION TEXT yada yada hi dharmasya
SYNONYMS yada yada--whenever; hi--certainly; dharmasya--of religious principles; glanih--decrease; bhavati--there is; bharata--O descendant of Bharata; abhyutthanam--increase; adharmasya--of irreligion; tada--then; atmanam--Myself; srjami--manifest; aham--I. TRANSLATION TEXT paritranaya sadhunam
SYNONYMS TEXT utsideyur ime loka
SYNONYMS udsideyuh--would fall into ruin; ime--these; lokah--worlds; na kuryam--did not perform; karma--action; cet--if; aham--I; sankarasya--of unwanted population; ca--and; karta--a creator; syam--would become; upahanyam--would spoil; imah--these; prajah--living entities. TRANSLATION TEXT yad yad acarati sresthas
SYNONYMS yat yat--however; acarati--behaves; sresthah--the best man; tat tat--that; eva--certainly; itarah--the lesser; janah--man; sah--he; yat--which; pramanam--standard; kurute--shows; lokah--the people; tat--that; anuvartate--follow. TRANSLATION TEXT yuga-dharma-pravartana haya amsa haite
SYNONYMS yuga-dharma--of the religion of the age; pravartana--the inauguration; haya--is; amsa--the plenary portion; haite--from; ama--for Me; vina--except; anye--another; nare--is not able; vraja-prema--love like that of the residents of Vraja; dite--to bestow. TRANSLATION TEXT santv avatara bahavah
SYNONYMS santu--let there be; avatarah--incarnations; bahavah--many; pankaja-nabhasya--of the Lord, from whose navel grows a lotus flower; sarvatah-bhadrah--completely auspicious; krsnat--than Lord Krsna; anyah--other; kah va--who possibly; latasu--on the surrendered souls; api--also; prema-dah--the bestower of love; bhavati--is. TRANSLATION TEXT tahate apana bhakta-gana kari' sange
SYNONYMS tahate--in that; apana--My own; bhakta-gana--with devotees; kari'--doing; sange--in association; prthivite--on the earth; avatari'--descending; karimu--I shall perform; nana--various; range--colorful pastimes. TRANSLATION TEXT eta bhavi' kali-kale prathama sandhyaya
SYNONYMS eta--thus; bhavi'--thinking; kali-kale--in the Age of Kali; prathama--first; sandhyaya--in the junction; avatirna haila--descended; krsna--Lord Krsna; apani--Himself; nadiyaya--in Nadia. TRANSLATION TEXT caitanya-simhera navadvipe avatara
SYNONYMS caitanya-simhera--of the lionlike Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; navadvipe--at Navadvipa; avatara--the incarnation; simha-griva--having the neck of a lion; simha-virya--the strength of a lion; simhera hunkara--the roar of a lion. TRANSLATION TEXT sei simha vasuk jivera hrdaya-kandare
SYNONYMS sei--that; simha--lion; vasuk--let Him sit; jivera--of the living entities; hrdaya--of the heart; kandare--in the cavern; kalmasa--of sins; dvi-rada--the elephant; nase--destroys; yanhara--of whom; hunkare--the roar. TRANSLATION TEXT prathama lilaya tanra 'visvambhara' nama
SYNONYMS prathama--first; lilaya--in the pastimes; tanra--of Him; visvambhara nama--the name Visvambhara; bhakti-rase--with the mellow of devotional service; bharila--He filled; dharila--saved; bhuta-grama--all the living entities. TRANSLATION TEXT dubhrn dhatura artha----posana, dharana
SYNONYMS dubhrn--known as dubhrn (bhr); dhatura--of the verbal root; artha--the meaning; posana--nourishing; dharana--maintaining; pusila--nourished; dharila--maintained; prema diya--distributing love of God; tri-bhuvana--in the three worlds. TRANSLATION TEXT sesa-lilaya dhare nama 'sri-krsna-caitanya'
SYNONYMS sesa-lilaya--in His final pastimes; dhare--He held; nama--the name; sri-krsna-caitanya--Sri Krsna Caitanya; sri-krsna--about Lord Krsna; janaye--He taught; saba--all; visva--the world; kaila--made; dhanya--fortunate. TRANSLATION Some so-called Vaisnavas say that the renounced order of life is not accepted in the Vaisnava sampradaya, or disciplic succession, from Lord Caitanya. This is not a very intelligent proposition. Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu took the sannyasa order from Sripada Kesava Bharati, who belonged to the Sankara sect, which approves of only ten names for sannyasis. Long before the advent of Sripada Sankaracarya, however, the sannyasa order existed in the Vaisnava line of Visnusvami. In the Visnusvami Vaisnava sampradaya, there are ten different kinds of sannyasa names and 108 different names for sannyasis who accept the tri-danda, the triple staff of sannyasa. This is approved by the Vedic rules. Therefore Vaisnava sannyasa was existent even before the appearance of Sankaracarya, although those who know nothing about Vaisnava sannyasa unnecessarily declare that there is no sannyasa in the Vaisnava sampradaya. During the time of Lord Caitanya, the influence of Sankaracarya in society was very strong. People thought that one could accept sannyasa only in the disciplic succession of Sankaracarya. Lord Caitanya could have performed His missionary activities as a householder, but He found householder life an obstruction to His mission. Therefore He decided to accept the renounced order, sannyasa. Since His acceptance of sannyasa was also designed to attract public attention, Lord Caitanya, not wishing to disturb the social convention, took the renounced order of life from a sannyasi in the disciplic succession of Sankaracarya, although sannyasa was also sanctioned in the Vaisnava sampradaya. In the Sankara-sampradaya there are ten different names awarded to sannyasis: (1) Tirtha, (2) Asrama, (3) Vana, (4) Aranya, (5) Giri, (6) Parvata, (7) Sagara, (8) Sarasvati, (9) Bharati and (10) Puri. Before one enters sannyasa, he has one of the various names for a brahmacari, the assistant to a sannyasi. Sannyasis with the titles Tirtha and Asrama generally stay at Dvaraka, and their brahmacari name is Svarupa. Those known by the names Vana and Aranya stay at Purusottama, or Jagannatha Puri, and their brahmacari name is Prakasa. Those with the names Giri, Parvata and Sagara generally stay at Badarikasrama, and their brahmacari name is Ananda. Those with the titles Sarasvati, Bharati and Puri usually live at Srngeri in South India, and their brahmacari name is Caitanya. Sripada Sankaracarya established four monasteries in India, in the four directions north, south, east and west, and he entrusted them to four sannyasis who were his disciples. Now there are hundreds of branch monasteries under these four principal monasteries, and although there is an official symmetry among them, there are many differences in their dealings. The four different sects of these monasteries are known as Anandavara, Bhogavara, Kitavara and Bhumivara, and in course of time they have developed different ideas and different slogans. According to the regulation of the disciplic succession, one who wishes to enter the renounced order in Sankara's sect must first be trained as a brahmacari under a bona fide sannyasi, The brahmacari's name is ascertained according to the group to which the sannyasi belongs. Lord Caitanya accepted sannyasa from Kesava Bharati. When He first approached Kesava Bharati, He was accepted as a brahmacari with the name Sri Krsna Caitanya Brahmacari. After He took sannyasa, He preferred to keep the name Krsna Caitanya. The great authorities in the disciplic succession had not offered to explain why Lord Caitanya refused to take the name Bharati after He took sannyasa from a Bharati, until Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Gosvami Maharaja volunteered the explanation that because a sannyasi in the Sankara-sampradaya thinks that he has become the Supreme, Lord Caitanya, wanting to avoid such a misconception, kept the name Sri Krsna Caitanya, placing Himself as an eternal servitor. A brahmacari is supposed to serve the spiritual master; therefore He did not negate that relationship of servitude to His spiritual master. Accepting such a position is favorable for the relationship between the disciple and the spiritual master. The authentic biographies also mention that Lord Caitanya accepted the danda (rod) and begging pot, symbolic of the sannyasa order, at the time He took sannyasa. TEXT tanra yugavatara jani' garga mahasaya
SYNONYMS tanra--of Him; yuga-avatara--incarnation for the age; jani'--knowing; garga--Garga Muni; mahasaya--the great personality; krsnera--of Lord Krsna; nama-karane--in the name-giving ceremony; kariyache--made; nirnaya--ascertainment. TRANSLATION TEXT asan varnas trayo hy asya
SYNONYMS asan--were; varnah--colors; trayah--three; hi--certainly; asya--of this one; grhnatah--who is manifesting; anu-yugam--according to the age; tanuh--bodies; suklah--white; raktah--red; tatha--thus; pitah--yellow; idanim--now; krsnatam--blackness; gatah--obtained. TRANSLATION This is a verse from Srimad-Bhagavatam (10.8.13). TEXT 37 TEXT sukla, rakta, pita-varna----ei tina dyuti
SYNONYMS sukla--white; rakta--red; pita-varna--the color yellow; ei--these; tina--three; dyuti--lusters; satya--in Satya-yuga; treta--in Treta-yuga; kali-kale--in the Age of Kali; dharena--manifests; sri-pati--the husband of the goddess of fortune. TRANSLATION White, red and yellow--these are the three bodily lusters that the Lord, the husband of the goddess of fortune, assumes in the ages of Satya, Treta and Kali respectively. TEXT 38 TEXT idanim dvapare tinho haila krsna-varna
SYNONYMS idanim--now; dvapare--in the Dvapara-yuga; tinho--He; haila--was; krsna-varna--blackish color; ei--these; saba--all; sastra-agama--and Vedic literatures; puranera--of the Puranas; marma--the core. TRANSLATION TEXT dvapare bhagavan syamah
SYNONYMS dvapare--in the Dvapara-yuga; bhagavan--the Supreme Personality of Godhead; syamah--blackish; pita-vasah--having yellow clothes; nija--own; ayudhah--having weapons; srivatsa-adibhih--such as Srivatsa; ankaih--by bodily markings; ca--and; laksanaih--by external characteristics such as the Kaustubha jewel; upalaksitah--characterized. TRANSLATION TEXT kali-yuge yuga-dharma----namera pracara
SYNONYMS kali-yuge--in the Age of Kali; yuga-dharma--the religious practice for the age; namera--of the holy name; pracara--propagation; tathi--this; lagi'--for; pita-varna--having a yellow color; caitanya-avatara--the incarnation of Lord Caitanya. TRANSLATION pancaratrais tu kevalaih kalau tu nama-matrena pujyate bhagavan harih krsna krsna hare hare hare rama hare rama rama rama hare hare iti sodasakam namnam
"After searching through all the Vedic literature one cannot find a method of religion more sublime for this age than the chanting of Hare Krsna." TEXT 41 TEXT tapta-hema-sama-kanti, prakanda sarira
SYNONYMS tapta-hema--as molten gold; sama-kanti--same luster; prakanda--enormous; sarira--body; nava-megha--new clouds; jini--conquering; kantha-dhvani--the sound of the voice; ye--that; gambhira--deep. TRANSLATION TEXT dairghya-vistare yei apanara hata
SYNONYMS dairghya--in length; vistare--and in breadth; yei--who; apanara--of his own; hata--hand; cari--four; hasta--cubits; haya--is; maha-purusa--as a great personality; vikhyata--celebrated. TRANSLATION TEXT 'nyagrodha-parimandala' haya tanra nama
SYNONYMS nyagrodha-parimandala--nyagrodha-parimandala; haya--is; tanra--of him; nama--the name; nyagrodha-parimandala--nyagrodha-parimandala; tanu--having such a body; caitanya--Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; guna-dhama--the abode of good qualities. TRANSLATION TEXT ajanulambita-bhuja kamala-locana
SYNONYMS a-janu-lambita-bhuja--arms that reach the knees; kamala-locana--with lotus eyes; tila-phula--the blossom of the sesame plant; jini--conquering; nasa--whose nose; sudha-amsu-vadana--whose face is like the moon. TRANSLATION TEXT santa, danta, krsna-bhakti-nistha-parayana
SYNONYMS santa--peaceful; danta--controlled; krsna-bhakti--to the service of Lord Krsna; nistha-parayana--fully devoted; bhakta-vatsala--affectionate toward the devotees; su-sila--good character; sarva-bhute--to all living beings; sama--equal. TRANSLATION TEXT candanera angada-bala, candana-bhusana
SYNONYMS candanera--of sandalwood; angada--and armlets; bala--bangles; candana--of sandalwood pulp; bhusana--decorations; nrtya-kale--at the time of dancing; pari'--putting on; karena--does; krsna-sankirtana--congregational chanting of the name of Krsna. TRANSLATION TEXT ei saba guna lana muni vaisampayana
SYNONYMS ei--these; saba--all; guna--qualities; lana--taking; muni--the sage; vaisampayana--named Vaisampayana; sahasra-name--in the Visnu-sahasra-nama; kaila--did; tanra--of Him; nama-ganana--counting of the name. TRANSLATION TEXT dui lila caitanyera----adi ara sesa
SYNONYMS dui--two; lila--pastimes; caitanyera--of Lord Caitanya Mahaprabhu; adi--first; ara--and; sesa--final; dui--two; lilaya--in pastimes; cari--four; cari--and four; nama--names; visesa--specific. TRANSLATION TEXT suvarna-varno hemango
SYNONYMS suvarna--of gold; varnah--having the color; hema-angah--whose body was like molten gold; vara-angah--having a most beautiful body; candana-angadi--whose body was smeared with sandalwood; sannyasa-krt--practicing the renounced order of life; samah--equipoised; santah--peaceful; nistha--devotion; santi--and of peace; parayanah--the highest resort. TRANSLATION Lord Caitanya accepted sannyasa, leaving aside His householder life, to preach His mission. He has equanimity in different senses. First, He describes the confidential truth of the Personality of Godhead, and second, He satisfies everyone by knowledge and attachment to Krsna. He is peaceful because He renounces all topics not related to the service of Krsna. Srila Baladeva Vidyabhusana has explained that the word nistha indicates His being rigidly fixed in chanting the holy name of Sri Krsna. Lord Caitanya subdued all disturbing opponents of devotional service, especially the monists, who are actually averse to the personal feature of the Supreme Lord. TEXT vyakta kari' bhagavate kahe bara bara
SYNONYMS vyakta--evident; kari'--making; bhagavate--in Srimad-Bhagavatam; kahe--they say; bara bara--time and time again; kali-yuge--in the Age of Kali; dharma--the religion; nama-sankirtana--congregational chanting of the holy name; sara--the essence. TRANSLATION
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