Alalakh

Ancient name of the site excavated by C. L. Woolley in 1937-1939 and 1946-1949 at Tell ‚Aıšan (Atchana, Turk Açana), modern Turkey, in the Amuq Plain, east of the Orontes River. The mound measures 750 by 300 m. 17 levels of occupations range from the Early Bronze to the Late Bronze ages. Main findings include a sequence of palaces and temples, and about 500 cuneiform tablets (level VII, Middle Bronze; level IV, Late Bronze).
"The earliest levels were below the water table, but were contemporary with the mention of Alalakh ... in the Ebla archives. The first palace was built c.2000 BC, contemporary with the Third Dynasty of Ur. Later, it became a vassal of Yamhad; the level VII palace archive illustrates Alalakh's commercial relations with Syria, Babylonia and Cyprus. ... Level VII was destroyed by Hattusilis I; the city was rebuilt and became a vassal of Mitanni. This period is described in the 'autobiographical' inscription on the statue of Idrimi (c.1500 BC) ... Idrimi's son, Niqmepa, built the level IV palace which was destroyed, probably by the Hittites, in c.1430 BC. ... The palace archives consisted of diplomatic, administrative and legal texts ..., which document the growing presence of Hurrians in north Syria through personal names and loan words. Alalakh continued under Mitannian rule until its conquest by Suppiluliumas I in c. 1366 BC. Hittite inscriptions, seals and a stela testify to Hittite control of the city. Alalakh was destroyed c.1200 BC, probably by the Sea-Peoples, and never re-occupied. Woolley also excavated the nearby harbour of Al Mina, occupied primarily from the late ninth century BC" (from P. Bienkowski, Alalakh, in P. Bienkowski - A. Millard edd., Dictionary of the Ancient Near East, London 2000, pp. 10-11).
M. Bonechi, June 2000

 

Literature
A basic bibliography dealing with the findings at Tell Atchana include, besides the Akkadian dictionaries (AHw and CAD), the following studies:

W. F. Albright
Stratigraphic Confirmation of the Low Mesopotamian Chronology, BASOR 144 (1956), pp. 26-30
Further Observations on the Chronology of Alalakh, BASOR 146 (1957), pp. 26-34

A. Alt
Bemerkungen zu den Verwaltungs- und Rechtsurkunden von Ugarit und Alalach, WO 2 (1954), pp. 7-18, WO 4 (1956), pp. 234-243; WO 5 (1957), pp. 338-342

M. G. Amadasi Guzzo
Tell Açana, Enciclopedia dell'arte antica classica e orientale, VII, Roma 1966, pp. 678-679

D. Arnaud
Le dialecte d'Alalah: un examen préliminaire, AuOr 16 (1998), pp. 143-186

J. Aro
Remarks on the Language of the Alalakh Texts, AfO 17 (1954-1956), pp. 361-365

M. C. Astour
Place-Names from the Kingdom of Alalağ in the North Syrian List of Thutmose III: A Study in Historical Topography, JNES 22 (1963), pp. 220-240
The Partition of the Confederacy of Mukiš-Nuğašše-Nii by Šuppiluliuma. A Study in Politica Geography of the Amarna Age, Or NS 38 (1969), pp. 381-414
Ğattušiliš, Ğalab, and Ğanigalbat, JNES 31 (1972), pp. 102-109
Tunip-Hamath and Its Region. A Contribution to the Historical Geography of Central Syria, Or NS 46 (1977), pp. 51-64
Les Hourrites en Syria du Nord. Rapport sommaire, RHA 36 (1978), pp. 1-22
Hittite History and Absolute Chronology, Partille, Sweden, 1989
Alalakh, in N. D. Freedman ed., Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol 1, New York 1992, pp. 142-145

P. Bienkowski
Alalakh, in P. Bienkowski - A. Millard edd., Dictionary of the Ancient Near East, London 2000, pp. 10-11
Amuq, in P. Bienkowski - A. Millard edd., Dictionary of the Ancient Near East, London 2000, p. 17
Autobiographies, in P. Bienkowski - A. Millard edd., Dictionary of the Ancient Near East, London 2000, p. 41

M. Bonechi
I nomi geografici dei testi di Ebla, RGTC 12/1, p. 32 (about Alalağ in III millennium Ebla texts)

R. Borger
Handbuch der Keilschriftliteratur, vol. I, Berlin 1967, pp. 635-637, vol. II, Berlin 1975, pp. 323-324

R. J. Braidwood
Mounds in the Plain of Antioch: An Archaological Survey, OIP 48, Chicago 1937
R. J. Braidwood - L. S. Braidwood
Excavations in the Plain of Antioch, I. The Earliest Assemblages, Phase A-J, OIP 61, Chicago 1960

L. S. Braidwood (see R. J. Braidwood)

S. Branting (see K. A. Yener)

J. A. Brinkman
Textual Evidence for Anomalous Quantities of Iron at Alalakh and Nuzi in the Middle and Late Bronze Age, NABU 1987/64

G. Bunnens
Quelques aspects de la vie quotidienne au palais d'Alalakh d'après les listes de rations du niveau VII (XVIIIe/XVIIe s.), in XXVIII RAI, Wien 1981 = AfO B 19 (1982), pp. 72-84
A Slave for Debt From Alalakh Looked for in Ugarit (RS 4-449), Abr-Nahraim 25 (1987), pp. 13-18
Was There a Military Officier Named zukraši in the Alalakh Texts?, Abr-Nahraim 32 (1994), pp. 96-97

D. Collon
The Seal Impressions from Tell Atchana / Alalakh, AOAT 27, 1975
A New Look at the Chronology of Alalakh Level VII: A Rejoinder, AnSt 27 (1977), pp. 127-131
The Alalakh Cylinder Seals, BAR IntSeries 132, Oxford 1982

F. Cornelius
Zur Chronologie von Alalakh VII, RHA 18 (1960), pp. 19-24

M. Dietrich
M. Dietrich - O. Loretz
Die soziale Struktur von Alalağ und Ugarit (I). Die Berufsbezeichnungen mit der hurritischen Endung -ğuli, WO 3 (1966), pp. 188-205
Die soziale Struktur von Alalağ und Ugarit (II). Die sozialen Gruppen ğupše-namê, ğaniağğe-ekû, eğele-š¢zubu und marjanne nach Texten aus Alalağ IV, WO 5 (1969), pp. 57-93
Die soziale Struktur von Alalağ und Ugarit (V). Die Weingärten des Gebietes von Alalağ im 15. Jahrundert, UF 1 (1969), pp. 37-64
Die soziale Struktur von Alalağ und Ugarit (IV). Die É = b–tu-Listen aus Alalağ im 15. Jh. v. Chr., ZA 60 (1970), pp. 88-123
Die Inschrift der Statue des Königs Idrimi von Alalah, UF 13 (1981), pp. 201-269
Historisch-Chronologisch Texte aus Alalah, Ugarit, Kamid el Loz / Kumidi und den Amarna Briefen, Historisch-Chronologische Texte II, TUAT I/5, Gütersloh 1985, pp. 496-520

R. H. Dornemann
‚Amuq, in E. M. Meyers ed., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, 1, New York - Oxford 1997, pp. 115-117

M. S. Drower
Syria 1550-1400 B. C., CAH, vol. 2, pt. I, Cambridge 19733, pp. 417-525

H. Eheholf
3. Zu dem in Atchana gefundenen hethitischen Briefe, ZA 11 (1939), pp. 73-75

B. L. Eichler
Indenture at Nuzi: The Personal Tidenn¢tu Contract and Its Mesopotamian Analogues, YNER 5, New Haven - London 1973

H. Frankfort
The Origin of the Bit Hilani, Iraq 14 (1952), pp. 120-131

D. Frayne
Old Babylonian Period (2003-1595 BC), RIM Early Periods 4, Toronto 1990, pp. 798-802

J. Friedrich
Ein hethitischer Briefe aus Tell Atchana, Or NS 8 (1939), pp. 310-316

E. S. Friedman (see K. A. Yener)

E. Gaál
The Economic Life of Alalağ in the 18-17th Centuries B.C., AUSB 13 (1972), pp. 279-300
The State Sector as the Guarantee of the Territorial Integrity (Based on the Alalağ VII Archive, Oikumene 1 (1976), pp. 39-46
P¢rum Lands and Houses in Alalağ, Oikumene 2 (1978), pp. 145-148
Alalağian Miscellanies II, in M. A. Morrison - D. I. Owen edd., Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians in Honor of Ernest R. Lacheman on His Seventy-fifth Birthday, April 29, 1981, Winona Lake 1982, pp. 133-135
On the Chronology of Alalağ Level VII, AUSB 22 (1982), pp. 3-53
State and Private Sectors in Alalağ VII, AcAnt 30 (1982-1984), pp. 3-44
The Social Structure of Alalağ, in M. Heltzer - E. Lipinski edd., Society and Economy in the Eastern Mediterranean (c. 1500-1000 B. C.), Proceedings of the International Symposyum held at the University of Haifa from the 28th of April to the 2nd of May 1985, OLA 23, Leuven 1988, pp. 99-110

M.-H. Gates
Alalakh-Tell Atchana, Levels VI and V, Diss. Yale, 1976
Alalakh Levels VI and V: A Chronological Reassesment, SMS 4 (1981), pp. 41-49
Alalakh and Chronology Again, in P. Aström ed., High, Middle, or Low?, Gothenburg 1987, pp. 60-86

G. Giakumakis
The Akkadian of Alalah, Janua Linguarum. Series Practica 59, Den Haag - Paris 1970

A. Goetze
Alalağ and Hittite Chronology, BASOR 146 (1957), pp. 20-26
Remarks on the List from Alalakh IV, JCS 13 (1959), pp. 34-38, 63-64
The Rooster of Women AT 298, JCS 13 (1959), pp. 98-103

M. Greenberg
The Ğab/piru, AOS 39, New Haven 1955

E. L. Greenstein
Autobiographies in Ancient Western Asia, in J. Sasson ed., Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, New York 1995, pp. 2421-2432
Alalakh Texts, in E. M. Meyers ed., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, 1, New York - London 1997, pp. 59-61
E. L. Greenstein - D. Marcus
The Akkadian Inscription od Idrimi, JANES 8 (1976), pp. 59-96

B. Groneberg
Die Orst- und Gewässernamen der altbabylonischer Zeit, RGTC 3, Wiesbaden 1980

R. C. Haines
The Excavations in the Plain of Antioch, II. The Structural Remains of the Later Phases, OIP 95, Chicago 1971

K. Hecker
Eigennamen und die Sprache von Ebla, in L. Cagni ed., La lingua di Ebla, Napoli 1981, p. 169, n. 28 (about Alalağ in III millennium Ebla texts)

M. Heinz
Tell Atchana / Alalakh. Die Schichten VII-XVII, AOAT 41, 1992

R. S. Hess (see D. J. Wiseman)
A Preliminary List of the Published Alalakh Texts, UF 20 (1988), pp. 69-87
Observations on Some Unpublished Alalağ Texts, Probably from Level IV, UF 24 (1993), pp. 113-115

S. Hood
Excavations at Tabara el Akrad, AnSt 1 (1951), pp. 113-147

B. Hrouda
Die bemalte Keramik des 2.Jahrtausends in Nordmesopotamien und Nordsyrien, Berlin 1957

A. Kempinski
A. Kempinski - N. Na'aman
The Idrimi Inscription Reconsidered, (in Hebrew), Excavations and Studies: Essays in Honor of Prof. S. Yeivin, 1973

B. Kienast
Die altbabylonische Kaufurkunden aus Alalağ, WO 11 (1980), pp. 35-63

A. D. Kilmer
Hurrians and Hurrian at Alalağ: An Ethno-Linguistic Analysis, Pennsylvania PhD Diss., 1959, Ann Arbor 1968

H. Klengel
Geschichte Syriens im 2.Jahrtausend v.u.Z., I-III, Berlin 1965-1970
Königtum und Palast nach den Alalağ-Texten, in P. Garelli ed., Le palais et la royauté, XIX RAI, Paris 1974, pp. 273-282
Idrimi, RlA 5 (1976-1980), pp. 32-33
Die Palastwirtschaft in Alalağ, in E. Lipinski ed., State and Temple Economy in the Ancient Near East, II, OLA 6, Leuven 1979
Historischer Kommentar zur Inschrift des Idrimi von Alalah, UF 13 (1981), pp. 269-278
Syria 3000 to 300 B.C., Berlin 1992
Mukiš, RlA 8 (1995), pp. 411-412

J.-R. Kupper
review of D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets, BiOr 11 (1954), pp. 117-120
Les nomades en Mésopotamie au temps des rois de Mari, Paris 1957
Northern Mesopotamia and Syria, CAH, vol. 2, pt. I, Cambridge 19733, pp. 1-41

R. Labat
review of D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets, Syria 31 (1954), pp. 122-125

W. G. Lambert
The Domesticated Camel in the Second Millennium. Evidence from Alalakh and Ugarit, BASOR 160 (1960), pp. 42-43

E. Laroche
Glossaire de la langue hourrite, Paris 1980

M. Liverani
Partire sul carro, per il deserto, AION 32 (1972), pp. 403-415
Communautès de village et palais royal dans la Syrie du IIe millénaire, JESHO 18 (1975), pp. 146-164
L'élément hourrite dans la Syrie du nord (c. 1350-1200), RHA 36 (1978), pp. 149-156
Antico Oriente. Storia Società Economia, Bari 1988
Prestige and Interest. International Relations in the Near East ca. 1600-1100 B.C., HANES i, Padova 1990
Guerra e diplomazia nell'antico Oriente. 1600-1100 a.C., Bari 1994

S. E. Loewenstamm
Notes on the Alalakh Tablets: Comparison of the Alalakh Tablets with the Ugaritic Documents, IEJ 6 (1956), pp. 217-225

T. Longman III
Fictional Akkadian Autobiography: A Generic and Comparative Study, Winona Lake 1991

O. Loretz (see M. Dietrich)
Habiru-Hebräer, BZAW 160, Berlin - New York 1984

J. D. Lyon (see K. A. Yener)

B. Magness-Gardiner
Urban-Rural Relations in Bronze Age Syria: Evidence from Alalah Level VII Palace Archives, in G. M. Schwartz - St. E. Falconer edd., Archeological Views from the Countryside. Village Communities in Early Complex Societies, Washington - London 1994, pp. 37-47

J.-Cl. Margueron
Recherches sur les Palais mésopotamiennes de l'Age du Bronze, Paris 1982
Amuq Plain, in N. D. Freedman ed., Anchor Bible Dictionary, vol 1, New York 1992, pp. 218-219

N. Marchetti
N. Marchetti - L. Nigro
Una ricostruzione alternativa del dispositivo di ingresso nel Palazzo di Niqmepa ad Alalakh, OrEx 1993/2, pp. 25-26

D. Marcus (see E. L. Greenstein)

I. Márquez Rowe
Ğalab in the XVIth and XVth Centuries B.C. A New Look at the Alalağ Material, WZKM 87 (1997), pp. 177-205
Notes on the Hurro-Akkadian of Alalağ in the Mid-Second Millennium B.C.E., IOS 18 (1998), pp. 63-78

P. Matthiae
Empreintes d'un cylindre paléosyrien de Tell Mardikh, Syria 46 (1969), pp. 1-43
Unité et dévelopemt du temple dans la Syrie du Bronze Moyen, in Le temple et le culte, XX RAI, Leiden 1975, pp. 43-72
DU-UBki di Mardikh IIB1 = TU-BAki di Alalakh VII, SEb 1 (1979), pp. 115-118
A New Monumental Temple of Middle Bronze II at Ebla and the Unity of the Architectural Tradition of Syria-Palestine, AAAS 40 (1990), pp. 111-121
The Reception Suites of the Old Syrian Palaces, in Ö. Tunca ed., De la Babylonie à la Syrie, en passant par Mari, Mèlanges offerts à monsieur J.-R. Kupper à l'occasion de son 70e anniversaire, Liège 1990, pp. 209-228
Architettura e urbanistica di Ebla paleosiriana, Parola del Passato 46 (1991), pp. 304-371

R. Mayer-Opificius
Archäologischer Komentar zur Statue des Idrimi von Alalah, UF 13 (1981), pp. 279-290

Th. L. McClellan
The Chronology and Ceramic Assemblages of Alalakh, in A. Leonard jr. - B. B. Williams edd., Essays in Ancient Near Eastern Civilizations Presented to Helene J. Kantor, SAOC 47, Chicago 1989, pp. 181-212

M. Mellink
review of C. L. Wooley, Alalakh: An Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana in the Hatay, 1937-1949, AJA 61 (1957), pp. 395-400
review of R. J. Braidwood - L. S. Braidwood, Excavations in the Plain of Antioch, I. The Earliest Assemblages, Phase A-J, BiOr 19 (1962), pp. 219-226

N. Na'aman (see Kempinski A.)
Syria at the Transition from the Old Babylonian Period to the Middle Babylonian Period, UF 6 (1974), pp. 265-274
A New Look at the Chronology of Alalakh Level VII, AnSt 26 (1976), pp. 129-143
A New Look at the Chronology of Alalakh Level VII Once Again, AnSt 29 (1979), pp. 103-113
The Ishtar Temple at Alalakh, JNES 39 (1980), pp. 209-214
A Royal Scribe and his Scribal Products in the Alalakh IV Court, OA 19 (1980), pp. 107-116
The Recycling of a Silver Statue, JNES 40 (1981), pp. 47-48

W. Nagel
W. Nagel - E. Strommenger
Alalağ und Siegelkunst, JCS 12 (1958), pp. 109-123

Kh. Nashef
Die Orst- und Gewässernamen der mittelbabylonischen und mittelassyrischen Zeit, RGTC 5, Wiesbaden 1982

R. Naumann
Architektur Kleinasiens, Tübingen 19712

L. Nigro (see N. Marchetti)
Ricerche sull'architettura palaziale della Palestina nelle età del Bronzo e del Ferro, CMAO 5 (1995)
Ebla and the Ceramic Provinces of Norther Syria in the Middle Bronze Age: Relationships and Interconnections with the Pottery Horizons of Upper Mesopotamia, in M. Lebeau ed., About Subartu, Subartu IV/1, Turnhout 1998, pp. 271-304

J. Oliva Mompéan
Neue Kollationen und Anmerkungen zu einigen Alalağ VII-Texten, UF 30 (1998), pp. 587-601
Minima Alalağiana I: Zur Lesung in Al.T. 49:15 und šùl in Alalağ IV, NABU 1999/23
Minima Alalağiana II: Zur Verwantung von T/İÍ im Syllabar von Alalağ VII, NABU 1999/24
Minima Alalağiana III. Akk. Massu und die Lesung in AlT. 161: 10, 43: LÚ ma-as-(a-)-le, NABU 1999/25
Minima Alalağiana IV: ğad ğarri en Al.T. 2:50, NABU 1999/69
Minima Alalağiana V: The Reading of SIG­.ZA and the Ghost Word luğa in AlT. 416:8, 32, NABU 1999/102

G. H. Oller
The Autobiography of Idrimi, Diss., Philadelphia 1977
The Inscription of Idrimi: A Pseudo-Autobiography?, in H. Behrens - D. Loding - M. T. Roth edd., DUMU-E©-DUB-BA-A, Studies in Honor of Ake W. Sjöberg, Occasional Publications of the Samuel Noah Kramer Found, 11, Philadelphia 1989, pp. 411-417

A. L. Oppenheim
review of D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets, JNES 14 (1955), pp. 196-199
The Story of Idrimi, King of Alalakh, in J. B. Pritchard ed. Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, Princeton 19693, pp. 557-558

D. Otten
review of D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets, ZDMG 106 (1956), pp. 210-214

P. E. Pecorella
Sulla data della distruzione di Alalakh, Atti e Memorie dell'Accademia toscana "La Colombaria" 25 (1960-1961), pp. 145ff.

C. D. Reichel (see K. A. Yener)

A. Salonen
review of D. J. Wiseman, The Alalakh Tablets, AfO 17 (1954-1956), pp. 378-379

M. Salvini
The Earliest Evidence of the Hurrians Before the Formation of the Reign of Mittanni, in G. Buccellati - M. Kelly-Buccellati edd., Urkesh and the Hurrians. Studies in Honor of Lloyd Cotsen, BiMes 26 (1998), pp. 99-115

J. Sasson
On Idrimi and Šarruwa the Scribe, in M. A. Morrison - D. I. Owen edd., Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians in Honor of Ernest R. Lacheman on His Seventy-fifth Birthday, April 29, 1981, Winona Lake 1982, pp. 309-324

F. Serangeli
Le liste di censo di Alalağ IV, VO 1 (1979), pp. 99-131

S. Smith
A Preliminary Account of the Tablets from Atchana, Antiquaries' Journal 19 (1939), pp. 39-48
Alalakh and Chronology, London 1940
The Statue of Idri-mi, London 1949

E. A. Speiser
The Alalakh Tablets, JAOS 74 (1954), pp. 18-25

D. L. Stein
Alalakh, in E. M. Meyers ed., The Oxford Encyclopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, 1, New York - Oxford 1997, pp. 55-59

E. Strommenger (see W. Nagel)

M. Tsevat
Alalakhiana, HUCA 29 (1958), pp. 109-136

E. M. von Dassow
Social Stratification of Alalah under the Mitannian Empire, PhD Diss., Ann Arbor 1997

R. M. Whiting
Amorite Tribes and Nations of Second-Millennium Western Asia, in J. Sasson ed., Civilizations of the Ancient Near East, New York 1995, pp. 1231-1242

G. Wilhelm
The Hurrians, Warminster 1989
L'état actuel et les perspectives des études hourrites, Amurru 1 (1996), pp. 175-187

T. J. Wilkinson (see K. A. Yener)

D. J. Wiseman
The Alalakh Tablets, London 1953
Supplementary Copies of Alalakh Tablets, JCS 8 (1954), pp. 1-30
The SA.GAZ-ğabiru References in the Alalağ Tablets, in J. Bottéro ed., Le problème des Ğabiru, Paris 1954, pp. 37-42
Abban and Alalağ, JCS 12 (1958), pp. 124-129
Ration Lists from Alalakh VII, JCS 13 (1959), pp. 19-33
Ration Lists from Alalakh IV, JCS 13 (1959), pp. 50-62
Some Aspects of Babylonian Influence at Alalağ, Syria 39 (1962), pp. 180-187
Alalakh, in D. Winton Thomas ed., Archaeology and Old Testament Studies, Oxford 1967, pp. 117-135
D. J. Wiseman - R. S. Hess
Alalakh Text 457, UF 26 (1994), pp. 501-508

C. L. Woolley
Excavations at Al-Mina, Sueida, Journal of Hellenic Studies 58 (1938), pp. 1-30, 133-170
On a Steatopygeous Stone Figure from North Syria, in Mélanges Syriens offerts à M. René Dussaud, I, Paris 1939, pp. 135-139
Excavations at Atchana-Alalakh, The Antiquaries Journal 28 (1948), pp. 1-19
A Forgotten Kingdom, London 1953
Alalakh: An Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana in the Hatay, 1937-1949, Oxford 1955

K. A. Yener
K. A. Yener - T. J. Wilkinson
The Oriental Institute Amuq Valley Project, 1995, The Oriental Institute News and Notes148 (1996), pp. 1-6
K. A. Yener - T. J. Wilkinson - S. Branting - E. S. Friedman - J. D. Lyon - C. D. Reichel
The Oriental Institute Amuq Valley Projects, 1995, Anatolica 22 (1996), pp. 49-84

C. Zaccagnini
A Note on the Talent at Alalakh (AT 401), Iraq 40 (1978), pp. 67-69

F. Zeeb
Studien zu den altbabylonischen Texten aus Alalağ, UF 23 (1992), pp. 405-438
Tell Leilan und die Gründung des altbabylonischen Alalağ, UF 23 (1992), pp. 401-404
Studien zu den altbabylonischen Texten aus Alalağ. II: Pfandurkunden, UF 24 (1993), pp. 447-480
Studien zu den altbabylonischen Texten aus Alalağ. III: Schuldabtretungurkunden, UF 25 (1994), pp. 461-472
Das teqn–tu in den Immobilienkaufurkunden aus Alalah VII, in M. Dietrich - O. Loretz edd., Vom Alten Orient zum Alten Testament, Festschrift für Wolfram Freiherrn von Soden zum 85. Geburstag am 19. Juni 1993, AOAT 240, 1995, pp. 541-549
Die Orstnamen und geographischen Bezeichnungen der Texte asu Alalağ VII, UF 30 (1998), pp. 829-886