Up until fairly recently, our knowledge of how our brains process language was fairly limited. Over the last few years, however, new developments in neuroscience investigations have enabled researchers to begin to piece together a much clearer picture of what happens in our heads when we speak, listen or read. And some fascinating results have already emerged. Now researchers are also looking into aspects of second-language processing and how different languages are handled by our brains. Although it is early days, and significant implications for language teachers are still a long way off, it is well worth taking a preview at the fascinating world of brain imaging.